Swaging apparatus



Oct. 9, 1945. F. DE FAZI' SWAGING APPARATUS Filed June 4,194; 2 Sheets-Sheet l m m0 m m rWZ/ 4 0 Patented Oct. 9, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE SWAGING APPARATUS Fulvio De Fazi, New York, N. Y., assignor of onehalf to Carlo De Fazi, Jamaica Plain, Mass.

Application June 4, 1943, Serial N0. 489,662

6 Claims.

ticularly into metal bodies, and especially into metal forming rolls or like cylindrical elements.

The invention had its conception in connection with forming rolls for producing ribs on reinforcing bars used in concrete constructions, and

while I disclose herein and specifically describe an embodiment of the invention for the treatment of such rolls, I wish it to be understood that the invention is not limited to this use, as obviously it has many other applications.

Rolls for forming ribs on reinforcing bars, or for producing ornamental or other designs in relief upon elongated metal articles, operate in pairs provided with registering circumferential grooves; and at the line of contact between two such rolls, said grooves produce a through passage having the .cross sectional size and shape of the body portion of the bar or article upon which the rolls are intended to operate, and through which such bar or article is fed as the rolls rotate. The ribs, or designs in relief, are formed upon the bars or articles, when the latter are hot, by indentations, incisions, matrices or cavities that are sunk or depressed within the walls of said grooves. Heretofore, such indentations, incisions, matrices or cavities were made by milling or otherwise cutting away the material of the rolls, and such work has been tedious, slow and difiicult, and accordingly very expensive, especially where peculiar shapes and arrangements of ribs are desired or more or less intricate designs are required.

The fundamental purpose of my invention is to provide a swaging device or apparatus including a tool or hob bywhich the indentations or cavities are impressed into the metal-of the rolls, thereby greatly expediting and cheapening the work, and at the same time improving the char-,- acter of the rolls in the region of the indentations by reason of the fact that the metal is compressed, rather than cut away, thereby greatly increasing the density of the molecular structure of the rolls in such regions where hardness is essential to high quality of product as well as to longevity of the rolls.

Another object of my invention is to provide a device or apparatus wherein a roll may be easily and quickly mounted for treatment, and wherein it is properly centered, notwithstanding possible differences in diameter among the .rolls to be treated, means being provided for compensating for such differences within a practical range. that the aforesaid differences may represent reasonable tolerances allowed in the machining of the surfaces of the rolls, or they may result from the fact that forming rolls gradually wear and have to be reconditioned by reformation of the grooves, etc.

Another object of the invention is to provide indicating or indexing means for enabling the work, such as a roll, to be properly positioned with respect to the tool or hob, and the indentations or impressions to be properly spaced from one another.

A further object is to provide clamping means by which the work may be quickly and conveniently locked in position while being acted upon by the tool or hob, and which may be released with equal facility preparatory to adjusting the work for the next indentation and impression.

A still further object is to provide a very substantial and compact apparatus of the above described character that, according to my present preference, is operated by a hydraulic jack, but which, with slight alteration, as by dismantling the parts that sustain such jack in operative relation to the tool or hob, may be conditioned for placement between the plunger and platen of a hydraulic press for operation thereby.

The foregoing objects, with others hereinafter appearing, are attained in the embodiment of the invention illustrated in the accompanying drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a side elevational view of the swaging device or apparatus; Fig. 2 is a left hand end elevationof the same; Fig. 3 is a plan view; Fig. 4 is a transverse section on the line 4-4 of Fig. 1, the superstructure being broken away; Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the swaging tool or hob; Fig. 6 is a similar view of an adjustablestop therefor; Fig. '7 is a central, vertical, longitudinal section through the apparatus; Fig. 8 is a vertical transverse section, substantially on the line 8-8 of Fig. 7, the tool or hob and the hydraulic jack being shown in elevation; Figs. 9 and .10 are sections on the respective lines 9-9 and Ill-Ill of Fig. '7; Fig. 11 is a fragmentary side elevation of a reinforcing bar that is a product of the rolls that are treated by the swaging apparatus as herein illustrated, and Fig. 12 is a cross sectional view of the bar.

I shall now proceed with a more detailed description of the invention by the use of reference characters. I designates the body of the apparatus and, according to the present illustration, the same is in the form of a rectangular block In this connection it may be explained having an axial bore 2 that constitutes the workreceiving cavity. The body is provided with a vertical guidewa 3 that opens, at its inner end, into the bore 2, in radial relation thereto, and at its outer end through the top of a boss 4 that rises from the body. The bore 2 converges inwardly from its ends at a very slight angle to its axis, and fitting within the ends of the bore are tapered split bushings 5 and 6 within which is adapted to be supported the forming roll R that is to be treated, said roll representing the work upon which the present apparatus is dei signed to operate. Engaging the outer ends of the split bushings 5 and 6 are pressure rings 1 and 8, respectively, that are shown as formed with apertured ears 9 through which screws H] are engaged that are threaded into the ends of the body I. By drawing up on the screws In, the pressure rings 1 and 8 will be caused to urge the bushings into the converging ends of the bore 2 thereby to contract the bushings about the roll R and center it within the bore. The adjustment should be such that the roll will be capable of being rotated within the bushings with comparative ease.

Projecting from the ends'of roll R are shaft sections or trunnions 1', r', the latter projecting through a split clamping collar l2 incorporated in a standard I3 that is secured toa'base I which projects from one end of the body Also secured to and rising from the base l4 beyond the end of the shaft section or trunnion 1' 5's bracket I6 having a lateral extension H at its upper end. Threaded through the body portion "of the bracket 16 is a screw I 8 so arranged that it may be engaged by the end of'the shaftsection or trunnion r and thus constitute an adjustable stop for limiting the movement of the roll R in one direction. Fastened,as by set screws IE, to said shaft section or trunnion r is anindexing disk or indicator 20 having cavities 2| spaced about it periphery that are adapted to receive the -end of a plunger 22, shown as a screw that operates within a threaded hole ,in

the extension I! of the bracket [6.

As previously explained, the present embodiment of the invention is intended for the treatment of rolls employed in the forming of ribs or reinforcing bars'used in concrete constructions. Such rolls operate in pairs and eachis provided with a circumferential groove that registers with the groove of the other roll to form a through passage at the line of contact between the rolls having a cross-sectional size and shape of the finished bar. The circumferential groove of the present roll R is designated I2 and theroll is adapted to be positioned within the bore 2 with said groove in radial alignment with the guideway 3. When the work is properly set up within the apparatus, it is held against axial movement in one direction by the engagement of the shaft section or trunnion 1 with the screw I8, as above explained, and in the oppflsite direcing disk 20 with the collar l2.

A tool or hob 25 slidably fits the guideway 3, and at its inner end is shaped to provide a tooth 26 for making indentations 1 in the wall of the tion by the engagement of the hub of the indexgroove 1 Said tool or hob, as herein illustrated, 7,

other, 34, opens through a side thereof.

heavy cross beam 32 is detachably connected to the upper ends of the columns as by being notched adjacent its ends and engaged within circumferential grooves of the columns. As will appear from Fig. 3, one of the notches, 33, opens through the end of the cross beam, while the A hydraulic jack is sustained by the cross beam 32 with its plunger 36 in axial alignment with the extension 21 of the hob 25. The operating handle of the jack is designated 31.

To condition the apparatus for the reception and treatment of a roll, the screws l0 are re-,

tracted to allow the split bushings 5 and .6 to expand; the clamp I2 is relaxed; the assembly of cross beam 32 and jack 35 is swung out of the way, or detached from the columns 30 and 'laid aside, and the hob 25 is lifted or withdrawn from the guideway 3. The roll R is then inserted into the cylindrical bores of the bushings 5 and 6 (from a position to the right of the apparatus, as the same is viewed in Figs. 1, 3 and 7) until the end of the shaft section or trunnion 1" engages the stop provided by the screw [8, the latter being adjusted so as to locate the groove 1 of the roll in the plane of the guideway 3. As said shaft section or trunnion is projected beyond the clamp clamp [2, the set screws H! are tightened to firmly secure said disk to the trunnion. Now, by turning the screws H3 in the direction to press the bushings 5 and 6 further into the tapered endsof the bore 2, said bushings are contracted to properly center the roll R within the Home. The roll is next rotatively adjusted so that the plunger22 may be projected into one of the recesses 2| of the disk 20 after which the clamp I2 is tightly contracted about the shaft section or trunnion r. to hold th roll firmly in place. The hob is then dropped into the guideway 3 until its tooth 26 strikes the work, whereupon the stop 28 is adjusted along the extension 21 to leave a space between the lower end of the stop and the top surface of the boss 4 equal to the desired depth oi the indentations that are to be made in the wall of the groove 7'' (this adjustment determining the radial dimension of the ribs 1) of the reinforcing bar B, shown in Figs. 11 and 12). When the stop 28 is so adjusted, it is firmly locked to the ex:

tension by means of the screw 29.

The assembly of the cross beam 32 and hydrau lic jack 35 is then returned to its formed posi tion, after which the jack may be .operatedby means of its handle 31 to forc the hob 25 down wardly until the stop 28 engages the boss 4. This action produces an indentation r in the wall of the groove 1/ The hydraulic jack is then re;

laxed and the hob lifted so as to remove its tooth -26 from the indentation; the clamp- I2 is next loosened and the plunger 22 retracted,v so as to free the roll R forrotation, and the latter is then turned until the next recess is brought into alignment with the plunger 22 when the plunger is projected into said recess to properly position the roll for the next indentation r When so positioned, the clamp 12 is reset to firmly hold the roll. This procedure is continued until indentations are equally spaced apart throughout the entire circumference of the roll, when the set screws l9 are loosened, the clamp l2 relaxed, the screws I retracted sufiiciently to permit some expansion of the bushings and 6, the cross bar and jack assembly removed, the hob lifted, and the roll withdrawn from the apparatus.

If desired, and especially where the nature of the work requires a heavier pressure than can be obtained from a manually operated hydraulic jack, the cross beam and jack assembly and the columns 30 may be remove-d and the apparatus placed on the platen or table of a hydraulic press in such a position that the plunger of the press will engage the extension 21 of the hob 25 when the press is operated.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim is:

1. In swaging apparatus for producing indentations in the walls of the circumferential grooves of forming rolls, a body having a work receiving cavity somewhat greater in diameter than the roll and wherein the roll is adapted to be positioned, the cavity opening through the end of the body; a split bushing fitting about the roll and within the cavity for centering the roll in the cavity, the body being provided with a guideway that opens into said cavity, a hob guided therein for operation upon the roll, the roll being positioned with its groove in radial alignment with the hob, and means for imposing pressure upon the hob.

2. In swaging apparatus for producing indentations in the walls of the circumferential grooves of forming rolls, a body having a work receiving cavity somewhat greater in diameter than the roll and wherein the roll is adapted to be positioned, the cavity opening through the end of the body and being tapered inwardly from said end, a split tapered bushing fitting about the roll and within the cavity for centering the roll in the cavity, means for forcing the bushing into the cavity, the body being provided with a guideway that opens into said cavity, a hob guided therein for operation upon the roll, the roll being positioned with its groove in radial alignment with the hob, and means for imposing pressure upon the hob.

3. In swaging apparatus for producing indentations in the walls of the circumferential grooves of forming rolls, a body having a work receiving cavity that opens through the en of the body, said cavity being circular in cross section and somewhat larger in diameter than the roll and being tapered inwardly from said end, a split tapered bushing fitting about the roll and into said cavity, a pressure plate engaged against the outer end of the bushing, screw means for urging said plate toward the body thereby to contract the bushing about the roll, the body being provided with a guideway opening into the work receiving cavity, a hob guided therein for operation upon the roll and in radial alignment with which the groove of the roll is adapted to be positioned, and means for imposing pressure upon the hob.

4. In swaging apparatus for producing indentations in the walls of the circumferential grooves of forming rolls, a body having a work receiving cavity consisting of a bore extending through the body, split bushings engaged within the ends of the cavity and having internal cylindrical surfaces, the body being provided with a guideway opening into the cavity between the inner ends of the bushings, a hob guided in said guideway, the roll being adapted to be supported within the bushings with its groove in radial alignment with the hob, the roll being adapted to be rotated within the bushings, means for securing the roll in different positions in which it may be rotated for operation thereon by the hob, and means for imposing pressure upon the hob.

5. In swaging apparatus forproducing indentations in the walls of the circumferential grooves of forming rolls, a body having a work receiving cavity consisting of a bore extending through the body, said bore tapering inwardly from both ends, split tapered bushings engaged within the ends of the cavity and having internal cylindrical surfaces, the body being provide with a guideway opening into the cavity between the inner ends of the bushings, a hob slidable in said guideway, the roll being adapted to be supported within the bushings with its groove in radial alignment with the hob, pressure plates applied to the outer ends of the bushings, screw means for forcing the pressure plates toward the body, the roll being adapted to be rotated within the bushings, means for securing the roll in different positions to which it may be rotated for operation thereon by the hob, and means for imposing pressure upon the hob.

6. In swaging apparatus for producing indentations in the walls of the circumferential grooves of forming rolls, said rolls being provided with axial shaft sections, a body having a through bore for the reception of a roll and of a diameter somewhat larger than the roll, said bore being tapered inwardly from both ends, tapere bushings fitting about the roll and within the ends of the bore, means engaged with the outer ends of the bushings for forcing them into the bore, the body being provided with a guideway opening into said bore between the inner ends of said bushings, a hob slidable within the guideway, adjustable stop means for positioning the roll with its groove in radial alignment with the hob, a base extending from the side of the body through which one end of the aforesaid bore opens, clamping means sustained by said base and encircling a shaft section of the roll for securing the roll in difierent orientated positions, an indexing disk secured to the shaft section, an stop means supported by the base for cooperation therewith.

FULVIO DE FAZI. 

